Marriage Law in Nepal: Legal Requirements, Types, and Penalties

Marriage is a significant event in human life, uniting two individuals legally and emotionally. In Nepal, marriage is governed by various laws and customs. Let’s explore the key aspects of marriage law in Nepal.

Legal Definition of Marriage

A legal marriage in Nepal involves several essential elements:

1. Legal Ability: Both parties must have the legal capacity to marry.
2. Mutual Consent: The couple must freely consent to the marriage.
3. Minimum Age: The legal age for marriage is 20 years or older.
4. Marriage Agreement: A formal agreement is required by domestic law.

Types of Marriages in Nepal

Nepal’s diverse culture and customs give rise to different marriage practices:

1. Arranged Marriage: Common among Hindus, where families search for suitable partners for their adult children.
2. Court Marriage: Couples aged 20 or older can register their marriage at any District Court in Nepal.
3. Love Marriage: Individuals choose their life partners independently.
4. Magi Marriage: When a couple in love faces family opposition, they may elope and marry.

Legal Age of Marriage

As per the National Civil Code (2017), both men and women can marry once they reach 20 years of age¹. Child marriages are prohibited.

Restrictions and Penalties

• Bigamy: Marrying another person while already married is illegal. Offenders face imprisonment, and priests involved may be fined.
• Child Marriage: Marriages involving minors are nullified, and those responsible may be imprisoned.
• Excessive Age Difference: Marriages with significant age gaps are voided, and penalties apply.
• Widow and Widower Marriage: Specific conditions allow widow and widower remarriage.