Part 4 – Directive Principles, Policies and Obligations of the State

49. To be guiding principles: (1) The directive principles, policies and obligations set forth in this Part shall be the guiding principles for the governance of the State.

(2) The State shall mobilize, or cause to be mobilized, means and resources, as required, to implement the principles, policies and obligations set forth in this Part.

50. Directive principles:

(1) The political objective of the State shall be to establish a public welfare system of governance, by establishing a just system in all aspects of the national life through the rule of law, values and norms of fundamental rights and human rights, gender equality, proportional inclusion, participation and social justice, while at the same time protecting the life, property, equality and liberties of the people, in keeping
with the vitality of freedom, sovereignty, territorial integrity and independence of Nepal, and to consolidate a federal democratic republican system of governance in order to ensure an atmosphere conducive to the enjoyment of the fruits of democracy, while at the same time maintaining the relations between the Federal Units on the basis of cooperative federalism and incorporating the principle of proportional participation in the system of governance on the basis of local autonomy and decentralization.(

2) The social and cultural objective of the State shall be to build a civilized and egalitarian society by eliminating all forms of discrimination, exploitation and injustice on the grounds of religion, culture, tradition, usage, custom, practice or on any other similar grounds, to develop social, cultural values founded on national pride, democracy, pro-people, respect of labour, entrepreneurship, discipline, dignity and harmony, and to consolidate the national unity by maintaining social cohesion, solidarity and harmony, while recognizing cultural diversity.

(3) The economic objective of the State shall be to achieve a sustainable economic development, while achieving rapid economic growth, by way of maximum mobilization of the available means and resources through participation and development of public, private and cooperatives, and to develop a socialism-oriented independent and prosperous economy while making the national economy independent, self-reliant and progressive in order to build an exploitation free society by abolishing economic inequality through equitable distribution of the gains.

(4) The State shall direct its international relationstowards enhancing the dignity of the nation in the world community by maintaining international relations on the basis of sovereign equality, while safeguarding the freedom, sovereignty, territorial integrity and
independence and national interest of Nepal.

51. Policies of the State: The State shall pursue the following policies:

(a) Policies relating to national unity and national security:

(1) to keep intact the national unity, while protecting the freedom, sovereignty, territorial integrity and independence of
Nepal,

(2) to promote the national unity while developing mutual cooperative relations between the Federal Units by maintaining
mutual cohesion, harmony and solidarity between various castes, tribes, religions, languages, cultures and communities,

(3) to maintain law and order by developing a national security system,

(4) to guarantee the overall human security system,

(5) to make all security organs, including the Nepal Army, Nepal Police and Armed Police Force Nepal, competent, strong, professional, inclusive and accountable to the people, on the basis of national security policies,

(6) to make and keep the citizens ready and competent to serve the nation as and when necessary,

(7) to make proper use, in nations’ interest, of the knowledge, skills and experiences of former public employees including
former employees, military and police.

(b) Policies relating to political and governance system of State:

(1) to guarantee the best interests and prosperity of the people through economic, social and cultural transformations, while safeguarding,
consolidating and developing political achievements,

(2) to maintain rule of law by protecting andpromoting human rights,

(3) to implement international treaties, agreements to which Nepal is a party,

(4) to guarantee good governance by ensuring
the equal and easy access of the people to
the services and facilities delivered by the
State, while making public administration
fair, competent, impartial, transparent,
free from corruption, accountable and
participatory,
(5) to make necessary provisions to make
mass media fair, healthy, impartial,
decent, responsible and professional,
(6) to develop and expand harmonious and
cooperative relations between the Federal
Units by way of sharing of
responsibilities, resources and
administration between them.
(c) Policies relating to social and cultural transformation:
(1) to build the society founded on cordial
social relations by developing a healthy
and civilized culture,
(2) to carrying out studies, research works,
excavation and dissemination for the
protection, promotion and development of
ancient, archaeological and cultural
heritages,
(3) to make community development through
enhancement of local public participation,
by promoting and mobilizing the
creativity of local communities in social,
cultural and service-oriented works,
(4) to focus on the development of arts,
literature and music which form national
heritages,
(31)
(5) to end all forms of discrimination,
inequality, exploitation and injustice in
the name of religion, custom, usage,
practice and tradition existing in the
society,
(6) to protect and develop languages, scripts,
culture, literature, arts, motion pictures
and heritages of various castes, tribes, and
communities on the basis of equality and
co-existence, while maintaining the
cultural diversity of the country,
(7) to pursue a multi-lingual policy.
(d) Policies relating to economy, industry and commerce:
(1) to enhance national economy through
participation and independent
development of the public, private and
cooperative sectors,
(2) to achieve economic prosperity by way of
optimum mobilization of the available
means and resources, while focusing on
the role of private sector in economy,
(3) to promote the cooperative sector and
mobilize it in national development to the
maximum extent,
(4) to encourage and mobilize the economic
sector in the overall national
development, while providing for
regulation to maintain fairness,
accountability and competition in all of its
activities,
(32)
(5) to make equitable distribution of the
available means and resources and
benefits of economic development,
(6) to diversify and expand markets for goods
and services, while promoting exports
through development and expansion of
industries upon identifying areas of
comparative advantage,
(7) to protect the interests of consumers by
maintaining trade fairness and discipline
by making national economy competitive,
while ending activities such as creating
black marketing, monopoly, artificial
scarcity and restricting competition,
(8) to protect and promote domestic
industries and resources and accord
priority to domestic investment based on
Nepalese labour, skills and raw materials
for the development of national economy,
(9) to give priority to domestic investment for
the development of national economy,
(10) to encourage foreign capital and
technological investment in areas of
import substitution and export promotion,
in consonance with national interest, and
encourage and mobilize such investment
in infrastructure building,
(11) to make the obtaining of foreign
assistance transparent, while making the
national needs and priorities as the basis
for obtaining foreign assistance, and
incorporating amounts received in form of
foreign assistance in the national budget,
(33)
(12) to utilize knowledge, skill, technology
and capital of the non-resident Nepalese
in the national development,
(13) to give dynamism to the economic
development by establishing coordination
between the States and the States and the
Federation in relation to industrial
corridors, special economic zones,
national projects and projects involving
foreign investment.
(e) Policies relating to agriculture and land reforms:
(1) to make scientific land reforms having
regard to the interests of the farmers,
while ending the dual ownership existing
in the lands,
(2) to enhance product and productivity by
carrying out land pooling, while
discouraging absentee land ownership,
(3) to make land management and
commercialization, industrialization,
diversification and modernization of
agriculture, by pursuing land-use policies
to enhance agriculture product and
productivity, while protecting and
promoting the rights and interests of the
farmers,
(4) to make proper use of lands, while
regulating and managing lands on the
basis of, inter alia, productivity, nature of
lands and ecological balance,
(5) to provide for the farmers’ access to
agricultural inputs, agro-products at fair
price and market.
(34)
(f) Policies relating to development:
(1) to formulate sustainable socio-economic
development strategies and programs
under the regional development plan for
inclusive economic development with
regional balance, and implement them in
a coordinative manner,
(2) to develop balanced, environment
friendly, quality and sustainable physical
infrastructures, while according priority to
the regions lagging behind from
development perspective,
(3) to enhance local public participation in
the process of development works,
(4) to enhance investment in scientific study,
research works and in invention, progress
and development of science and
technology, and protect scientists,
technologists, intellectual and eminent
talents,
(5) to ensure easy and simple access of the
general public to information technology
by developing and expanding information
technology to the tune of national needs,
and make optimum utilization of
information technology in the national
development,
(6) to make provisions enabling the general
public to enjoy fruits of development in a
just manner, while according priority to
the indigent citizens in the distribution of
such fruits,
(35)
(7) to develop an integrated national identity
management information system and
manage all kinds of information and data
of the citizens in an integrated manner,
and linking such system with the services
and facilities provided by the State and
with national development plans,
(8) to update demographic statistics and
linking it with national development
plans.
(g) Policies relating to protection, promotion and
use of natural resources:
(1) to protect, promote, and make
environmental friendly and sustainable
use of, natural resources available in the
country, in consonance with national
interest and adopting the concept of intergenerational equity, and make equitable
distribution of fruits, according priority
and preferential right to the local
communities,
(2) to make multi-purpose development of
water resources, while according priority
to domestic investment based on public
participation,
(3) to ensure reliable supply of energy in an
affordable and easy manner, and make
proper use of energy, for the fulfilment of
the basic needs of citizens, by generating
and developing renewable energy,
(4) to develop sustainable and reliable
irrigation by making control of waterinduced disasters, and river managem